Tips for Solving Poor Heat Dissipation in Hydraulic Forklifts

1. Internal Combustion Engine System Adjust the center distance of the belt pulley to achieve proper belt tension, ensuring that the driven pulley does not slip or lose rotation. Ensure that the pipelines between the cylinder liners of the internal combustion engine are unobstructed. Replace the thermostat that has malfunctioned. Adjust the ignition timing of the internal combustion engine to ensure normal combustion. Increase the water pump displacement; as the pump displacement increases, the volume of water flowing through the radiator per unit time will increase, thereby enhancing heat dissipation. The pump displacement depends on the pump speed, which in turn depends on the speed of the driven pulley, and the driven pulley speed depends on the diameter of the driving or driven pulley. Therefore, we always hope to increase the pump speed. However, if the pump speed is too high, it will shorten the service life of the pump; pump cavitation will also reduce pump efficiency, causing the heat dissipation capacity to decline instead. Therefore, under the condition that the water flow velocity in the pump inlet pipe does not exceed 3 m/s, the diameter of the belt pulley can be appropriately increased to boost the pump displacement. 2. Radiator System Improve welding quality to prevent the occurrence of poor soldering or cold joints. During transportation, assembly, and use, care should be taken to avoid damaging the cooling fins of the radiator. Alternatively, a tube-and-strip radiator core can be selected. Practice has proven that this type of radiator core has strong heat dissipation capability, is simple to manufacture, lightweight, and low in cost, but its structural rigidity is poor. Increasing the heat dissipation surface area of the radiator will inevitably enhance its heat dissipation capacity. Increasing the frontal area of the radiator, reducing the pitch of the fins and tubes along the frontal and thickness directions, and thickening the radiator can all increase the heat dissipation surface area; however, the latter measure has limited effect. For example, if the thickness of the radiator is increased by 50%, its heat dissipation capacity increases by 15%; whereas when the radiator thickness is increased by 100%, its heat dissipation capacity only increases by 20%. According to the formula L = A0/A × ψ (where: L — radiator thickness; A0 — total heat dissipation area of the radiator; A — frontal area of the radiator; ψ — radiator compactness volume coefficient), it can be known that when the total heat dissipation area remains unchanged, increasing the frontal area of the radiator can reduce its thickness, and a reduction in thickness leads to lower ventilation resistance, increased airflow through the radiator, and significantly improved heat dissipation capacity. In addition, the distance between the fan and the radiator should also be adjusted. For cooling systems of different forklifts, the optimal distance between the fan and the radiator varies; only through testing can the optimal distance be found to fully unleash the potential and function of the cooling system and achieve the best results. 3. Fan System Measures such as increasing the fan diameter, increasing the number of blades, increasing the blade installation angle, widening the blade chord, raising the maximum peripheral speed of the blades, and using convex blades can all increase the ventilation volume and improve heat dissipation performance. However, the blade installation angle should not be too large; when it exceeds a certain critical value, the direction of the exhaust airflow will change with the increase in the installation angle, with axial exhaust gradually decreasing and radial exhaust gradually increasing. Radial exhaust not only fails to cool the radiator but may also cause secondary heating of various forklift components. At the same time, the fan speed should not be too fast, because the power required to drive the fan is proportional to the cube of the fan speed; if the speed is too high, the power loss of the internal combustion engine will be excessive. The failure of the cooling system to operate normally is the direct cause of excessive forklift temperature. To solve this problem, it is necessary to address three aspects: the internal combustion engine system, the radiator system, and the fan system. Ensuring the water pump displacement, improving the welding quality of the radiator (preventing poor soldering or cold joints), and enhancing the working efficiency of the fan are all effective methods to resolve the issue of forklifts failing to dissipate heat properly.